RJCC-Related Letters

We ask for prompt responses to students regarding all racial violence and tragedies that occur in our nation within 48 hours. These responses should publicly denounce racism and recognize the impact these events have on our Black students and Black community. Additionally, these responses should come directly from the Dean for Medical Education, the Executive Vice President for Health Sciences, and the President of the University to underscore the full gravitas necessitated against acts of racial violence. The Office of Diversity and Inclusion (ODI) is imperative to the larger goals of the institution and is an invaluable resource for students. However, ODI is often relied upon as the arbitrator of matters of race. ODI is composed largely of minorities, who themselves are affected by acts of racial violence. While ODI is fully qualified and capable of creating such statements, they should not be taxed with upholding racial decorum within the institution. Recent events have dictated that now is the time for our institutional leaders, white men in particular, to take an active role in confronting and condemning racism in our country and in our institution.

We require a proactive response from our administration to anticipate the needs of all students, including those from diverse backgrounds, and especially in the context of current world events. The administration must preemptively create measures which protect student wellness. Students should not have to advocate for these measures while they are in the midst of processing tragic events and experiencing psychological trauma. We ask that in the future, administration recognizes the need for students with upcoming exams to be given the option to postpone, given that the process of studying effectively is inevitably disrupted during these events. Similar consideration should be given for participation in clinical duties.

We ask that a Dean, a Preclinical Advisor, or a Clinical Advisor personally extend their availability to Black students within 48 hours of anti-Black racist violence and tragedies that occur in this country. We are a community, and in the spirit of community, we expect our leadership to promote the development of meaningful connections among faculty and administration with their students, including Black students. These personal relationships are especially important during moments of tragedy. Outreach to Black students is not solely the responsibility of the Office of Diversity and Inclusion. The objective of this outreach would be to demonstrate a recognition of the physical and emotional toll these recurrent events have on Black students, and to ask how the university can best support them during this time. It also shows recognition on behalf of the school that minorities, such as the Black community, are directly targeted in this country and need support from their professional advisors.

We ask that the University hire four new diverse counselors, in particular Black counselors, capable of counsel relevant to the lived experiences of ALL of our student bodies in order to support Black students at Georgetown. These counselors also need to have availability for medical students, both throughout the year and during tragedies like this.

We ask the campus police to discontinue crime alert notifications which include vague descriptions of minorities. We recognize that the notifications are important in protecting our campus; however, they should include specific descriptions. Statements such as “Black, male, slim build, dark complexion wearing all Black clothing” can unnecessarily target Black male students, faculty, and staff. Such non-descriptive language reinforces and perpetuates underlying racist associations between criminal acts and the color of one’s skin. It also establishes an environment of fear and potential danger for Black people on our campus. As we have seen in recent national events, the murders of Black Americans in settings of “self-defense,” misunderstanding, and misidentification is a real risk. Black people have a right to safely exist on our campus. It is imperative that campus police not promote racial profiling of Black students, faculty, and staff.

Currently, the Georgetown University Police Department offers training on various topics including implicit bias, microaggressions, and Black students’ lived experiences and perceptions. We ask that all campus police be trained in nonviolent methods of de-escalation, racial profiling, and other policing tactics that unnecessarily target Black people. We also ask for transparency and true accountability in policing. This should include reflection among campus police and methods to evaluate understanding and impact of actions. We ask for the proactive development of policies that call for the immediate removal of officers who engage in racist acts against Black people on our campus.

We ask that Georgetown fulfill its stated mission of equity by ensuring racial demographics of our institution are at least representative of the United States population (13% Black, 1% American Indian and Alaska Native, 17% Latinx). Students of color should be involved in recruitment efforts of prospective medical students and should be compensated for their time. Furthermore, we call for the University to develop more deliberate partnerships with Howard University and other historically Black colleges and universities to strengthen the pipeline for Black and Latinx students. AAMC’s Diversity in Medicine: Facts and Figures 2019 outlines other leading institutions with robust recruitment efforts that graduate large numbers of Black, Latinx, and American Indian and Alaska Native students. Georgetown can look to these institutions as examples.

In an effort to ensure equity in admissions, we ask that the University examine its admissions of legacy students. The University must be transparent in the process in which legacy applicants are admitted each year. Legacy admission policies are not equitable and have unfairly benefited White students for generations.

This institution also has an undeniable legacy rooted in anti-Black white supremacy and self-preservation, which was perpetrated through the sale and enslavement of Black humans. In the same manner in which the university honors and accepts legacy students, it also has a responsibility to take more aggressive steps to address this history. The University should address this legacy of slavery by directly admitting Black students in the same numbers that it admits legacy students. Furthermore, the Georgetown Experimental Medical Studies (GEMS) program should not be the primary mechanism in which Black and Brown students are admitted to the school. There should be increased admittance apart from the GEMS program to improve representation in our school.

To further such transparency, the Office of Admissions should publish the methods used to train those involved in the admissions and recruitment process on topics of implicit bias, racial equity, and educational equity. Additionally, the Office of Admissions should develop and publish a strategic plan which details methods to ensure the recruitment of a more diverse student body and publish the results of these efforts annually.

Often the work of diversifying the faculty and student body falls solely on the Office of Diversity and Inclusion. However, this work should be owned by all members of the community. We ask that each department release an annual update acknowledging current gaps in faculty representation, hiring, retention, and leadership. Additionally, their efforts to address diversity and inclusion, and plans to remediate any gaps, should be detailed. Those overseeing recruitment for our institution should also publish plans on faculty diversification and annual progress reports.

Representation matters. We ask that the school incorporate a more diverse panel of experts in various specialties to provide a more inclusive and representative learning environment. Throughout the span of the 18-month pre-clinical phase, students receive one lecture from Black faculty. Black physicians are also not adequately represented in departmental leadership. It is important to see Black doctors in these roles.

We must also recognize the relative lack of public acknowledgement and celebration of clinicians of color at Georgetown. There are so many incredible physicians of color who have had an immense impact on individual students, the School of Medicine, and the development of Georgetown University Hospital itself. These are people who meet all of the qualifications to deserve a place on the wall in Gorman Auditorium and other locations on our campus — yet their portraits are missing. Inclusion and public representation of these incredible physicians not only sends a message to our current students of color that they belong in medicine, but also demonstrates to current and incoming students that Georgetown is committed to creating a diverse set of leaders. The Women on the Walls campaign has been an important advancement in celebrating women in medicine publicly, and we ask that the school continue to support and amplify such efforts through increased institutional funding.

We also ask that representation be demonstrated in the namesakes of our Learning Societies, which are currently only those of white physicians. The current structure, which overlooks people of color, ignores the impact that so many Black physicians have had in medicine at Georgetown. To make this environment more representative and inclusive, we need the heads of these societies to not be exclusively white. Institutions like Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine have appropriate representation in the heads of their colleges, and we ask that Georgetown does the same.

We ask that the admissions committee add an additional requirement of completion of an undergraduate level course on race and ethnicity prior to matriculation. In every other competency related to medicine, we are required to arrive with background knowledge before matriculation to our institution. In order to have meaningful, productive dialogues and training on inequities, our students need foundational knowledge starting at the undergraduate level. This would also reduce the omnipresent emotional and mental burden on our minority students to educate their classmates on race, racism, and injustice.

We understand there are many extenuating circumstances that may prevent students from meeting this requirement as an undergraduate. Therefore, as an alternative, the School of Medicine can partner with the Georgetown University undergraduate campus to offer the summer course AFAM-206-20: Race and Racism in American Culture at no additional cost to matriculating students who did not have an opportunity to fulfill this requirement during their undergraduate career. For students who require additional flexibility, the school can provide free online courses such as Race and Cultural Diversity in American Life and History as an option.

1. Update the summer reading requirements for incoming M1 students and current students.

We ask that Georgetown add a summer curriculum for both incoming and current students that includes a reading requirement focused on anti-racism. A summer reading requirement of The Wonder/Never Let Me Go is already in place and replacing or adding to the required content would be feasible. Such curricula already exist at several leading medical schools. Potential reading lists include Medical Bondage by Deirdre Cooper Owens, Medical Apartheid by Harriet Washington, Reproducing Race by Khiara M. Bridges, and White Fragility by Robin DiAngelo. To hold students accountable and provide a space to process and discuss the content of the selected anti-racism reading, we ask that there be follow-up assignments and small group discussions.

Georgetown also has a “required” reading of The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks that occurs at the start of the third year bootcamp. This is a commendable effort to begin the education on how some practices in medicine were built on unjust acts towards marginalized populations. Unfortunately, it occurs too late in medical education, with an insufficient level of accountability for students in terms of follow-up discussions. Instituting a required anti-racism summer reading curriculum would create a longitudinal foundation for a better understanding of systemic racism in America and will demonstrate to its students that Georgetown is committed to introspection, exploration, and dismantling systemic oppression.

2. Integrate a required and graded longitudinal course on Race & Medicine across all four years to improve understanding of race and vulnerable populations.

We ask that Georgetown live up to its stated mission of social and health justice by implementing a required, longitudinal course dedicated to learning about Race & Medicine. As stated in an article published in the AMA Journal of Ethics in 2014, “a curriculum that addresses racial disparities in a substantive way requires an intellectually engaging space where bioscience and clinical faculty and students can be introduced to the historical, sociological, and anthropological scholarship on race in medicine, its continuities and discontinuities.”

The historical connections and contemporary implications of race and medicine are already well-documented in the literature, providing ample material to draw on when curating a course. Furthermore, courses that educate on race and medicine for pre-medical and medical students are currently in place at other medical schools; Georgetown should leverage the network of knowledgeable colleagues to achieve a similar course. 

Georgetown has already instituted an outstanding two-week Patients, Population, and Policy (P3) course in the first year. We propose an expansion upon the P3 course to include longitudinal small group discussions on race and bias across all four years. It is a disservice to our faculty and student body to condense such consequential topics into a two-week time frame in large group settings where individual academic accountability is often difficult to address. Many of these issues — racism, public health disparities, and public health policy — are well known to some of our students, while others may be navigating these conversations for the first time. Well-trained facilitators can effectively guide a small group discussion among individuals with different levels of knowledge or lived experiences with racism.

Finally, we advocate extending the Vulnerable Populations Deep Dive to all students as a required course. This year, eleven students opted into this Deep Dive as an elective. The content within this course would be an excellent way to continue the discussions from P3 after having witnessed firsthand the impact of race and social determinants of health on the wards and in the community. Furthermore this is in line with the School of Medicine’s guiding principle of cura personalis and mission of “intellectual and ethical formation of physician-healers committed to the clinically competent care and well-being of their patients and dedicated to the health needs of the underserved in our society.”

3. Remove racialized medicine from all lectures, assignments, and exams, and include content and photos that are better representative of diverse patient populations.

When confronting systemic racism, it is necessary to reflect on how medical education itself perpetuates racist beliefs and stereotypes. We were taught in P3 that race is a social construct, so it should not be taught in other settings as an objective risk factor, a tool for diagnostic reasoning, or a predictor of treatment response. Furthermore, race should not be routinely included in prompts or the “one-liners” presented in lectures, Grand Rounds, case studies, small groups, or other learning materials. Students should be corrected when they include race in patient presentations on the wards. Repetition of these associations has resulted in the creation of physicians that believe in the existence of false physiological differences between people of different races.

These entrained stereotypes negatively impact our ability to provide the highest quality of patient care in the future, as we subconsciously let them drive our building of differential diagnoses and interpretation of data. It solidifies the role of medical providers in the perpetuation of racial health disparities, which must end. As a university committed to addressing these health disparities, it is fundamental that the education students receive is not sowing the seeds of future systemic racial oppression. Many leading academic institutions, such as UCSF and University of Washington, have taken the necessary steps to re-educate providers and students. Some of these efforts include creating Anti-Racism Primer Toolkits for educators and removing the “Black” or “African American” designation from glomerular filtration rate (GFR) calculations.

When presenting racial health disparities, context must be provided to explain the root causes of these disparities. All faculty should be capable of explaining how structural racism, not race itself, is the risk factor for racial health disparities. We want to emphasize that this does not mean that race does not play a role in medicine. Race plays a major role because it shapes the socioeconomic environment in which our patients live. Just as students would expect to learn about the pathophysiology of disease, we must learn about the root causes for health disparities in Black populations. It is not enough to reference health disparity data without providing the context.

Finally, we ask that the dermatology curriculum be modified to include photos of non-white, and specifically, Black, skin with various dermatological conditions. The vast majority of pictures shown in the curriculum are of white bodies. This severely limits our education in that it makes us ill-prepared to recognize and address dermatological concerns of future patients.

4. Implement implicit bias training that specifically addresses the inherent relationship between race in medicine and differential health outcomes. This should be required for all faculty, residents, and students.

We ask that all Georgetown pre-clinical faculty, clinical faculty, Professional Identity Formation (PIF) coaches, resident physicians, and students be required to participate in the implicit bias training as it pertains to patient care. The Office of Diversity and Inclusion has developed a similar training for implicit bias in the section of interview candidates which should be modeled for the clinical setting.

We ask that Georgetown make a concerted effort to ensure our teachers are inclusive of minority groups. Lecturers, clinical faculty, and residents who teach medical students throughout their four years should be specifically evaluated on their actions and attitudes regarding race, gender, and sexual orientation. We hope that both students and faculty will take an active role in voicing their concerns should any racially, culturally, sexually, or otherwise inappropriate or insensitive content be included in the material they present. We recognize the role of the Medical Student Life Advisory Committee (MSLAC) in ensuring there are checkpoints with regards to these concerns. In addition to the work that MSLAC does, we propose that evaluation forms include an explicit question to prompt honest response and hold faculty accountable. The sample question below provides guidance regarding this:

“Has this faculty member made inappropriate remarks or microaggressions related to race/ethnicity, LGBTQ+, culture, religion, sex, gender identity, or other personal characteristics? Yes or No. If yes, please describe in detail.”

We also ask that there be timely, transparent follow-up for any reported case of insensitivity or inappropriate comments. In some instances, resolution of the situation may involve a formal acknowledgement of the impact the comment had, an apology to the student(s) affected, and a meeting with a committee within that individual’s department to discuss the need for disciplinary action.

Just as Georgetown successfully implemented their Mistreatment Policy across all rotation sites, we ask that all clinical sites provide evidence that those interacting with students have received training on implicit bias, microaggressions, and cultural sensitivity on at least an annual basis.

It is evident to us that the retention rate of minorities, including Black students at the medical school, is disparate from that of the rest of the student body. Equity in medicine includes equity in medical education. We ask that Georgetown take extra measures to understand which factors adversely affect a Black student’s ability to succeed. This includes, but is not limited to, improving the policies around grade remediation and instituting appropriate mentorship for Black students.

We recognize that the Office of Diversity and Inclusion has been working towards supporting students of color, but we ask that the current efforts within the administration at large be amplified. Students who are struggling academically should be identified earlier. They should be provided adequate and targeted support to succeed based on their needs, such as financial assistance to purchase study resources, additional time to study for exams, and increased faculty mentorship. These needs would be identified better by a university community that understands the social and learning environments experienced by underrepresented minorities both in the literature and at Georgetown specifically.

Other universities have implemented strategies in the past to address issues of providing financial assistance to Black students. For example, in response to the 2014 Ferguson protests in St. Louis, Saint Louis University (SLU) students issued The Clocktower Accords to help provide a roadmap for the university’s administration to actively oppose racism on its campus. The Jesuit university implemented this comprehensive list of thirteen accords, as requested by their students. We find the statements on (1) increased financial aid resources for retention of African American students at SLU and (2) evaluation of current scholarship programs to better serve African American students,to be particularly relevant to better financially assist students at our own university.

We ask for the transparent assessment and reporting of racial bias within grading and nominations to the Gold Humanism Honor Society and Alpha Omega Alpha (AOA) Honor Medical Society. This information should be made public in an aggregated, de-identified manner along with plans to address the inequities found in these statistics.

To begin this work, we ask that Georgetown make robust efforts to evaluate the extent of the racial disparities that exist in grading. Numerous studies have already shown the racial bias present in medical school grading systems, as seen by underrepresented minorities (URM) and non-URM minorities receiving lower grades than white peers in most clerkships. We ask that Georgetown consider the suggestions from the AAMC opinion piece Healing a broken clerkship grading system in determining how to address and improve disparities and implicit biases involved in clerkship grading. Georgetown should consider recommendations that mitigate “stereotype threat,” such as ensuring that the demographics of the faculty grading students mirrors the diversity of the student population. In addition, ensuring that evaluators understand the unique challenges of URM students and foster a learning environment informed by this awareness is critical to dismantling implicit biases.

We ask for transparency of the demographic data in honor society nominations and awards. This will help to inform the need for implicit bias training for attendings and residents who are evaluating students. Criteria for academic awards should be re-evaluated to better acknowledge student scholarship more equitably and in a way that represents the entire graduating class. It has been found that the way in which students are nominated, meet qualifications, and are then evaluated for these honor societies reflect the biases already within the school. Awards are based on clerkship grades — which are largely determined by subjective evaluations most susceptible to implicit bias. The criteria for determining eligibility for these awards is inherently flawed and fails to recognize that Black and minority students must overcome barriers to their success at every stage in their career. Their achievements show not only excellent academic competency but the grit to overcome deeply-rooted stereotypes that work against their favor. Georgetown has the ability to reevaluate the requirements of these honor societies, as many universities have, due to questions of racial inequality. Bias in nomination and selection has led schools such as the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and UCSF to opt out of the AOA process entirely.

Lastly, we request that the University release progress reports with updates on these action items every three months. Additionally, we request an official annual evaluation of progress on the aforementioned issues in June 2021.

Authors:

1. Adaah Sayyed, Class of 2022

2. Allison Rooney, Class of 2022

3. Alynna Wiley, Class of 2022

4. Benjamin Swaby, Class of 2023

5. Brendan Crow, Class of 2021

6. Christopher Anderson, Class of 2021

7. Emily Shaffer, Class of 2021

8. Hager Koraym, Class of 2021

9. Janae Van Buren, Class of 2021

10. Jennifer Gyamfi Holiday, Class of 2022

11. Jerome Murray, Class of 2022

12. Julia Hernandez, Class of 2022

13. Kellie Wo, Class of 2021

14. Mariama Jallow-Olanrewaju, Class of 2022

15. Megan Deyarmond, Class of 2021

16. Megan Pogue, Class of 2021

17. Melissa Baker, Class of 2022

18. Oluwatoyosi Ipaye, Class of 2021

19. Randy Amibang, Class of 2023

20. Sahaj Patel, Class of 2021

21. Stanley Kamande, Class of 2022

22. Stephen Kane, Class of 2021

23. L Tamara Wilson, Class of 2021

24. Tejasvi Peesay, Class of 2022

25. Tyler McGehee, Class of 2022

26. Vian Zada, Class of 2021

27. Zuby Syed, Class of 2022

Signatories:

28. Libby Wetterer, MD’20

29. Riva Desai, Class of 2021

30. Sindhura Kolachana Class of 2022

31. Ciara Sanchez, Class of 2022

32. Jai Won Jung, Class of 2022

33. Julia Fisher, Class of 2022

34. Sherry Gholami, Class of 2022

35. Michelle Croda, Class of 2023

36. Lavan Rajan, Class of 2022

37. June Futterman, Class of 2022

38. Amna Nawaz, Class of 2023

39. Anjani Kapadia, Class of 2022

40. Sahi Reddy, Class of 2022

41. Zara Ibrahim, Class of 2022

42. Emily Jeong Hwa Kim, Class of 2021

43. Bria Johnson, Class of 2022

44. Hamsini Rao, Class of 2021

45. Carolyn Hofley, Class of 2023

46. Sara Torres, Class of 2022

47. Elise Snyder, Class of 2022

48. Gabriela Avalos, Class of 2022

49. Claire Brown, Class of 2022

50. Michelle Xu, Class of 2022

51. Heng Nhoung, Class of 2022

52. Emilie Melvin, Class of 2022

53. Timothy Utz, Class of 2023

54. Priyanka Tripuraneni, Class of 2022

55. Christian Delgado, Class of 2022

56. Trenten Fenster, Class of 2022

57. Kevin Chang, Class of 2021

58. Brett Habermehl, Class of 2022

59. Meghan O’Leary-Kelly, Class of 2022

60. Alexandra Eckert, Class of 2023

61. Pei-Ying Kobres, Class of 2023

62. Anisha Patel, Class of 2022

63. Sandra Diez, Class of 2023

64. Beelet Dawood, Class of 2022

65. Arthur Arcaz, Class of 2021

66. Harry Lee, Class of 2021

67. Michael Markel, Class of 2022

68. Zaynab Almothafer, Class of 2023

69. Eleanor Belilos, Class of 2022

70. Divya Makkapati, Class of 2023

71. Marissa Hand, Class of 2022

72. Osher Shefer, Class of 2022

73. Nicholas Bader, Class of 2022

74. Alexandra Welschmeyer, Class of 2022

75. Kevin Berardino, Class of 2022

76. Alicia Kaneb, Class of 2022

77. Sruveera Sathi, Class of 2023

78. Yadhu Dhital, Class of 2021

79. Rachael Maynard, Class of 2022

80. Jessica Beer, MD’20

81. Mara Penne, Class of 2021

82. Jordan Martucci, Class of 2021

83. Batoul Hasan, Class of 2023

84. Daniel Swanson, Class of 2022

85. Hannah Sinks, Class of 2022

86. Yakov Mamzhi, Class of 2022

87. Caitlin Merley, Class of 2021

88. Adaora Ewulu, Class of 2023

89. Stephanie Shin, Class of 2023

90. Aisha Inuwa, Class of 2023

91. Ben Hack, Class of 2022

92. Aisha Lott, MD’20

93. Aditi Gadre, Class of 2023

94. Adair Boudreaux, Class of 2022

95. Ayodeji Ajayi, Class of 2022

96. Cynthia Peng, Class of 2022

97. Joanna Orzel, Class of 2021

98. Matt Williams, Class of 2021

99. Matthew Triano, Class of 2021

100. Kyeong Yun Jeong, Class of 2021

101. Larissa Spagnol Silverman, MD’20

102. Ambika Paulson, Class of 2023

103. Getrude Makurumidze, Class of 2023

104. Alex Akman, Class of 2023

105. Malcolm Meredith, Class of 2023

106. Margaret Paules Class of 2022

107. Kwadwo A. Sarpong, Class of 2022

108. Shelby Davis-Cooper, Class of 2023

109. Nayeem Nasher, Class of 2021

110. John Hebb, Class of 2021

111. Elias Castro, Class of 2023

112. Brendan Wesp, Class of 2021

113. Yadana Khin, Class of 2022

114. Janeth Campbell, Class of 2024

115. Andy Koltun, Class of 2022

116. Wendy Laurence-Diaz, Class of 2022

117. Margaret Pauliukonis, Class of 2022

118. Kelly Luciani, Class of 2022

119. Lydia Koroshetz, MD’20

120. Stephen Tranchina, Class of 2023

121. Courtney Reynolds, Class of 2021

122. Sarah Lucas, Class of 2023

123. Rita Malley, Class of 2022

124. Imanyah Hilliard, MD’20

125. Nishtha Raval, Class of 2023

126. Mia Jenkins, Class of 2023

127. Katie Povey, Class of 2021

128. Maria Cacciapuoti, Class of 2022

129. Emily Lai, MD’20

130. Lena Deb, Class of 2023

131. Berline Francis, Class of 2022

132. Vaibhav Penukonda, Class of 2023

133. Shwetha Kochi, Class of 2023

134. Zoey Maggid, Class of 2023

135. Darren Jackson, Class of 2021

136. Anthony Jourdan, Class of 2022

137. Whitney Peterson, Class of 2023

138. Alberto E. Perez, Class of 2022

139. Eliana Schaefer, Class of 2023

140. Ehab Bahrun, Class of 2022

141. Sonia Francone, Class of 2022

142. Julianne Hall, Class of 2023

143. Ethan Fraser, Class of 2021

144. Michael Ezeana, Class of 2024

145. Ankit Mishra, Class of 2023

146. Stefan Torelli, Class of 2021

147. Sarah Trent, Class of 2022

148. Delon McAllister, Class of 2022

149. Kathryn Lee, Class of 2022

150. Rechna Korula, Class of 2021

151.Victor Frederick Cox, Class of 2024

152. Emily Valaik, Class of 2022

153. John Bovill, Class of 2023

154. Daniel Childers, Class of 2023

155. Malaak Hamzeh, Class of 2023

156. Julia DeCelles-Zwerneman, Class of 2023

157. Alexandra Vincent, Class of 2022

158. Ritika Patil, Class of 2021

159. Nellie Darling, Class of 2021

160. Brandon Klein, Class of 2022

161. Nirmal N. Maitra, Class of 2023

162. Amanda Shapiro, Class of 2021

163. Liam Hatch, Class of 2023

164. Mason Hieu Phan, Class of 2021

165. Lorrane Kabert, Class of 2021

166. Yen Phung, Class of 2022

167. Maria Marquez, Class of 2022

168. Candice McCloud, Class of 2022

169. Eric Kim, Class of 2021

170. Ishani Joshi, Class of 2023

171. Dahlia Fateen, Class of 2022

172. Lelan Bailey, Class of 2022

173. Annemarie Newark, Class of 2022

174. Arvin Daneshmand, Class of 2022

175. Chloe Wang, Class of 2023

176. Hannah Day Class of 2020

177. Julia Kepley, Class of 2023

178. Alexander Boos, Class of 2023

179. Brendon Peterson, Class of 2022

180. Dave Saxon, Class of 2022

181. Sidharth Jain, Class of 2023

182. Mitchell Rock, Class of 2022

183. Han Kong, Class of 2023

184. David Nguyen, Class of 2021

185. Brynley Dean, Class of 2022

186. Kylie Knoles-Barnett, Class of 2022

187. Emily Kim, Class of 2023

188. Elizabeth Borowiec, Class of 2021

189. Emily Krisanda, Class of 2023

190. Erin Rachel Vaughan, Class of 2023

191. Erin McDonough, Class of 2022

192. Connor Lester, Class of 2023

193. Haley McCann, Class of 2023

194. Abraham Levitman, Class of 2023

195. Rayva Khanna, Class of 2022

196. Harry Tsou, Class of 2022

197. Kira Chandran, Class of 2023

198. Paulina Szakiel, Class of 2022

199. Ronak Sutariya, Class of 2023

200. William Rate, Class of 2022

201. Jacqueline Russell, Class of 2022

202. Joseph Nealon, Class of 2022

203. Lily Joseph, Class of 2022

204. Joon Chung, Class of 2023

205. Gina Cach, Class of 2023

206. Stephanie Franco, Class of 2022

207. Siena Romano, Class of 2023

208. Niki Noe, Class of 2023

209. Lucy Zheng, Class of 2023

210. Callie Takahashi, Class of 2021

211. Cody Funkhouser, Class of 2021

212. Monette Veral, Class of 2022

213. Sara Wierbowski, Class of 2023

214. Ashley Andreou, Class of 2023

215. Meredith Njus, Class of 2021

216. Garrett Buechner, Class of 2023

217. Corinne O’Connor, Class of 2023

218. Francis Navarra, Class of 2021

219. Alexander Ludin, Class of 2022

220. Elaine Yan, Class of 2023

221. Luc Fortier, Class of 2021

222. Anu Murthy MD ‘20

223. Meghan Chin, Class of 2023

224. Siya Patil, MD’20

225. Sydney Karnovsky, Class of 2021

226. Christopher Priestley-Milianta, Class of M2023

227. Bryan Chan, Class of 2022

228. Tyrone Elezander Wizzard, Class of 2021

229. Eric Li, Class of 2023

230. Jacqueline Regan, Class of 2021

231. Sarah Powell, Class of M2022

232. Nicole Hodgins, Class of 2023

233. Miller Richmond, Class of 2023

234. Zoe Haffner, Class of 2022

235. Madeleine Uelk, MD 2020

236. Justin Chau, Class of 2023

237. Josh Kassner, Class of 2021

238. JP Mikhaiel, MD’20

239. Clark Restrepo, Class of 2021

240. Ryan Kelly, Class if 2020

241. Colleen McNally, Class of 2021

242. Allison Doyle, MD’20

243. Nathan Aminpour, Class of 2023

244. Jordan Black, Class of 2021

245. Michael Hammer, Class of 2023

246. Kunal Kirloskar, Class of 2023

247. Daniel Gallagher, Class of 2021

248. Elizabeth Duquette, Class of 2023

249. Katie White, Class of 2021

250. Abigayle Norwood, MD ‘20

251. Hailey Roumimper, Class of M2021

252. Niti Nagar, Class of 2021

253. Lawren Wooten, Class of 2022

254. Cynthia Pham, Class of 2021

255. Claire Caplan, Class of 2022

256. Daisy Spoer, Class of 2023

257. Brian Panish, Class of 2023

258. Jessica Saha, Class of 2021

259. Lani Galloway, Class of 2021

260. Katelynn Getchell, Class of 2023

261. John Hunting, Class of 2022

262. Cameron Zachary, Class of 2021

263. Benjamin Greenspun, Class of 2021

264. Andrew Meshnick, Class of 2021

265. Nathan Fackler, Class of 2021

266. Jennifer Purks, Class of 2021

267. Daniel Popovsky, Class of 2023

268. Katheryn Bell, Class of 2021

269. Stefan Dabic, Class of 2023

270. Jacqueline Kruglyakova, Class of 2021

271. Priya Bhardwaj, Class of 2021

272. Benjamin Goodwin, Class of 2023

273. Idanis Perez-Alvarez, Class of 2021

274. Philip Coffin, Class of 2021

275. Jonathan Du, Class of 2021

276. Rebecca Xi, MD’20

277. Abigail Tirrell, Class of 2022

278. Kate Gallen, Class of 2023

279. Bashir Noor, Class of 2023

280. Areeg Abu El Hawa, Class of 2022

281. Rabia Mirza, Class of 2021

282. Nicholas Barnaba, Class of 2023

283. Nikhil Chervu, MD MS M’20

284. David Wang, MD’20

285. Jack Pollack, MD ‘20

286. Karen Quan, Class of 2023

287. Rachna Dhanjal, Class of 2023

288. Margaret Culver, Class of 2021

289. Parhom Towfighi, Class of 2023

290. Arjun Minhas, Class of 2021

291. Virginia Chan, Class of 2021

292. Seleem Elkadi, Class of 2023

293. Aman Chopra, Class of 2023

294. Peter Rakita, Class of 2023

295. John Thomas Fucigna, Class of 2023

296. David Kurtyka, Class of 2021

297. Stephanie Roberts, Faculty and Staff

298. Nancy Luo, Class of 2023

299. Wilton E. Robinson, Jr., Class of 2021

300. Jack Heer, Class of 2022

301. Zack Dailey,  Class of 2022

302. Adam Purvis, Class of 2021

303. Joseph An, Class of 2022

304. Josh Mondshine, Class of 2023

305. Mohamad Elsouri, Class of 2023

306. Madhav Patel, Class of 2022

307. Nathan Kilian, Class of 2021

308. JooHee Choi, Class of 2023

309. Kelsie Gould, Class of 2021

310. Brenda Asilnejad, Class of 2023

311. Suraya Poian, Class of 2023

312. Noah Steinberg, Class of 2023

313. Julianne Kiene, Class of 2023

314. Ruth E. Watson, Class of 2023

315. Justine Matzen, Class of 2023

316.. Brett Will, Class of 2021

317. Oswald Reid, Jr. MD’20

318. Gavin Clark, Class of 2023

319. Emily Murphy, MD’20

320. Andrew Wilbur, Class of 2023

321. Ariana Davis, Class of 2023

322. Gigi Yip, Class of 2023

323. Henry Franscioni, Class 2023

324. Megan O’Brien, MD’20

325. Patrick Malone, Class of 2021

326. Alexander Zeleny, Class of 2021

327. Maha Nayyar, SMP

328. Patrick Chua, Class of 2023

329. Neil Sarna, Class of 2021

330. Charlee McLean, Class of 2021

331. Victoria Cunningham, SMP

332. Herman Wu, Class of 2020

333. Matthew D’Antuono, Class of 2021

334. Daniel Weitz, SMP 2020

335. Kristofer Muzzi, Class of 2022

336. Alex Oster, MD’20

337. Michael Ramirez, Class of 2021

338. Vikram Siberry, Class of 2022

339. Christine Stuart, Class of 2022

340. Alexandra Kyrillos, MD’20

341. Annie Kutzscher, MD’20

342. Ben Fisher, Class of 2022

343. Osh Hahm, Class of 2022

344. Ariunzaya Amgalan, Class of 2022

345. Omoteniola Lamina, Class of 2023

346. James Severin, Class of 2023

347. Meher Saleem, Class of 2022

348. Cayla Fappiano, Class of 2021

349. Griselda Potka MD’20

350. Catherine Bi, Class of 2022

351. Jennifer Tang, Class of 2021

352. Michael Swett, Class of 2023

353. Braeden Lovett, Class of 2022

354. Clark Pitcher, Class of 2023

355. Samuel Lim, Class of 2022

356. Shannon Marwitz, Class of 2021

357. Emily Etling, Class of 2022

358. Evan Purvis, Class of 2022

359. Jessica McCann, Class of 2022

360. Kristen Kent, Class of 2022

361. Annie Sadler, SMP

362. Marissa Oshiro, Class of 2022

363. Suzanne Zhou, Class of 2023

364. Anika Clark, MD Alumni

365. Cuepil k Choi, Class of 2023

366. Hayk Hakobyan, Class of 2021

367. Madeleine Walsh, Class of 2023

368. Christopher Swisher, Class of 2022

369. Ajay Jassal, Class of 2023

370. Teo Pulice, Class of 2022

371. Rachel Ruda, MD ’20

372. Caroline Wambach, MD ’20

373. Jackie Lee, Alumni

374. Elizabeth Dente, Class of 2022

375. Ehab Abaza, Class of 2021

376. Lindsay Thimmig, MD’20

377. Joshua McLean, Class of 2022

378. Sarah Schumacher, Class of 2022

379. Grace Lassiter, Class of 2021

380. Jessica Kang, Class of 2023

381. Emory Buck, MD’20

382. Rishi Simhal, Class of 2022

383. Madeline Marcelle, Class of 2022

384. Camden Sutton, Class of 2023

385. Sarah Kureshi, MD, MPH, Faculty

386. Eric Windsor, MD’20

387. Armin Mortazavi, Class of 2021

388. Woo-Ju Kim, Class of 2021

389. Kelli Boggan, Class of 2021

390. Alicia Khan, Class of 2022

391. Donna Cameron, Professor, Dept of Family Medicine

392. Sivasankari Rajamarthandan, Class of 2022

393. Charlotte Farley, Class of 2023

394. Caitlin Brumfiel, Class of 2022

395. Mario Rullo, Class of 2023

396. Joshua Crane, Class of 2022

397. Stephanie Furlong, Class of 2021

398. Peter Kyriakides Class of 2021

399. Mary-Kate Lawlor, Class of 2023

400. Rebecca Zhuo, Class of 2021

401. Sean Gaudio, Class of 2022

402. Jacqueline Anders, Class of 2021

403. Tad Umali, MD‘20

404. Rory Byrne, Class of 2023

405. Conor Kelly, SMP

406. Erica Meninno, MD’20

407. Joe Bano, Class of 2022

408. Nomazwe Ncube, Class of 2021

409. Shalin Zhang, Class of 2023

410. Lynette Sequeira, Class of 2023

411. Annaliese Heussler, Assistant Dean for Student Affairs

412. Nicholas Wegener, Class of 2021

413. Aakib Khaled, Class of 2023

414. Amanda Kuhn, Class of 2022

415. Christine Hill, Class of 2022

416. Nabanita Hossain, Class of 2021

417. Alison Neuwirth, Class of 2021

418. Stephanie Davis, MD/PhD 2020

419. Aidan Neustadtl, MD’20

420. Kaushik Puranam, Class of 2022

421. Zachary Tanenbaum, Class of 2021

422. Aleek  Aintablian Class of 2023

423. John Wilson, Class of 2023

424. Taylor Polk, MD ‘20

425. Sarah Berg, Class of 2021

426. Amanuel Shitaye, MD’20

427. Jamil Hayden, Class of 2022

428. Michael Finizio, Class of 2023

429. Mary-Margaret Donovan, Class of 2023

430. Jason Li, Class of 2021

431. Tim Goblirsch, Class of 2023

432. Anudeep Alberts, Class of 2021

433. Arielle Lee, Class of 2023

434. Alexandra Thomas, MD’20

435. Winnie Gaya Shivega, Class of 2021

436. Alice Kim, Class of 2023

437. Phillip Regina, SMP 2020

438. Matthew Civilette, Class of 2022

439. Jeff Riskin, Class of 2023

440. Molly Fitzpatrick, Class of 2023

441. Chloé Jammes, Class of 2023

442. Taymour Hashemzadeh, Class of 2022

443. Michael Creswell, Class of 2022

444. Lacey Nelson, Class of 2022

445. Shan Sivanushanthan, Class of 2022

446. Sarah Kodres-O’Brien, Class of 2023

447. Ali Borazjani, Class of 2021

448. Danielle D’Annibale, Class of 2021

449. Guy Shaposhnik, Class of 2022

450. John Solak, MD ’20

451. Robert Hagerty, MD ’20

452. Anthony Anya, Class of 2022

453. Caitlin Cain, Class of 2021

454. Shane Gately, Class of 2022

455. Jose Alejandro Almario, Class of 2022

456. Brady Stallman, Class of 2021

457. James Christian, Class of 2021

458. Matthew Sweeney, Class of 2022

459. Ashi Arora, Class of 2023

460. J.V.Nable, MD. Asst. Professor of Emergency Medicine

461. Kat Sheridan Lubinsky, Class of 2022

462. Maya Tarasenko, Class of 2023

463. Reice Robinson, Class of 2023

464. Sydney Dishman, MD ’20

465. Anjana Patel, Class of 2021

466. Thomas Fredrick, MD ’20

467. Anu Somaratna, SMP 2020

468. Mary-Kate Crane MD’20

469. Tara Filsuf, MD ’20

470. Taylor Pels, Class of 2023

471. Adedamola Badewa, Class of 2023

472. Joseph White, MD ’20

473. Noosha Deravi, Class of 2021

474. Julia Hernandez, Class of 2022

475. Jayna Reichert, Class of 2021

476. Christopher Grivas, Class of 2022

477. Danny Flautero, MD ’20

478. Ian O’Connor, Class of 2021

479. Vincent Pugliese, Class of 2023

480. W. Tyler Ketchabaw, MD/PhD Class of 2025

481. May Bayomi, Class of 2021

482. Cooper Ehlers, Class of 2021

483. Ethan Do, Class of 2022

484. Mark Brahier, Class of 2022

485. Kyung Eun “Daisy” Kim, MD

486. Emily McConathy, Class of 2022

487. Guadalupe Osorio, Class of 2021

488. Austin Carroll, Class of 2022

489. John O’Neill, Class of 2022

490. Stephanie Michaels, Class of 2023

491. Claire Falzarano, SMP 2020

492. Jonah Sens, Class of 2023

493. Michelle Hall, MD’20

494. Kirsten Linnartz, Class of 2023

495. Brandon Ferrell, Class of 2021

496. Richard Klein, Class of 2022

497. Kirsten Jin, SMP 2020

498. Julia Anderson, MD ’20

499. Nate Lee, Class of 2021

500. Preethi Venkat, MPH, MD ’20

501. Kathleen Coerdt, Class of 2021

502. Laura Upton, Class of 2021

503. Manfred M. Kubler, Class of 2021

504. Rotsen Rocha, Class of 2023

505. Mohammed Al Kurnas, SMP 2020