Perceptions of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome in the Emergency Department

Posted in News Release  |  Tagged biomedical research, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, emergency medicine

MEDIA CONTACT:
Karen Teber
km463@georgetown.edu

WASHINGTON (January 10, 2019) — Findings from a novel online questionnaire of people with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) who rated their perceptions of care in a hospital’s emergency department suggest the majority of these patients do not receive proper care, say researchers from Georgetown University Medical Center.

The study, published in the journal Open Access Emergency Medicine, is the first investigation of the presentation of CFS in the emergency department (ED). The findings highlight a profound lack of understanding of CFS by health care workers, says the study’s senior investigator, allergist and immunologist James N. Baraniuk, MD, a professor of medicine at Georgetown who treats people with CFS.

He says two-thirds of respondents report they either would not go to an ED because they believed they wouldn’t be taken seriously, or had previous unsatisfactory experiences. Only a third of patients in the survey said they received appropriate treatment in the ED.

“The high proportion of patients who were basically told ‘It is all in your head’ by ED staff indicates that there is much misunderstanding and misgivings about the diagnosis of CFS. These patients should feel they are respected and that they can receive thorough care when they feel sick enough to go to an ED,” he says.

Baraniuk says more training is needed for ED staff and physicians to better understand the disorder.

The 282 participants in the survey all had physician-diagnosed CFS. Participants were predominately women (87 percent), educated (70 percent had at least a college degree), and had a primary care physician (93 percent).

From the survey, researchers determined that:

• Only 59 percent of CFS patients had gone to an ED. In this group, 42 percent were dismissed as having psychosomatic complaints.
• 33 percent had symptoms consistent with a condition known as orthostatic intolerance, which occurs when a person feels faint when standing or sitting upright because not enough blood is reaching the brain and heart. The symptoms only improve when a person lies down.
• CFS patients who went to the ED collectively rated caregivers’ knowledge about CFS at 3.6 on a 10-point scale.
• 41 percent of CFS respondents did not go to the ED when ill because they felt nothing could be done or they would not be taken seriously.

“An already-available CFS Symptom Severity Questionnaire can be used in the ED to assist with the diagnosis of CFS, and to differentiate exacerbations of CFS symptoms from medical emergencies such as heart attacks or infections,” Baraniuk says.

The number one reason for going to the ED was orthostatic intolerance.

“This is of importance because it provides a starting point for diagnosis and treatment by ED physicians,” Baraniuk says. “This condition is something that can be readily addressed by ED caregivers. There is a real need for physician education that will improve their efficiency in identifying and treating CFS and in distinguishing CFS symptoms from other diseases in the exam room.”

“We found that intolerance of exercise and intolerance to alcohol consumption were common to those diagnosed with CFS, so this may help distinguish CFS from other conditions,” says study co-author Christian R. Timbol, MD, who worked with Baraniuk as a medical student before becoming an emergency medicine resident physician at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital in Philadelphia.

Chronic fatigue syndrome affects between 836,000 and 2.5 million Americans, according to a National Academy of Medicine review of over 9,000 articles covering 64 years of research.

These reviewers renamed the syndrome “Systemic Exertion Intolerance Disease” to emphasize the disability, post-exertional malaise or exhaustion that follows mild exertion, cognitive dysfunction and orthostatic intolerance (blood pressure and heart rate changes that cause dizziness) that are the salient features of the illness.

Neither Baraniuk nor Timbol have any potential financial conflicts of interest to disclose.

Funding was provided by The Sergeant Sullivan Circle, Dr. Barbara Cottone, the Dean Clarke Bridge Prize, and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (RO1NS085131).

About Georgetown University Medical Center
Georgetown University Medical Center (GUMC) is an internationally recognized academic medical center with a three-part mission of research, teaching and patient care (through MedStar Health). GUMC’s mission is carried out with a strong emphasis on public service and a dedication to the Catholic, Jesuit principle of cura personalis — or “care of the whole person.” The Medical Center includes the School of Medicine and the School of Nursing & Health Studies, both nationally ranked; Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, designated as a comprehensive cancer center by the National Cancer Institute; and the Biomedical Graduate Research Organization, which accounts for the majority of externally funded research at GUMC including a Clinical and Translational Science Award from the National Institutes of Health. Connect with GUMC on Facebook (Facebook.com/GUMCUpdate) and Twitter (@gumedcenter). Connect with Georgetown University School of Medicine on Facebook (Facebook.com/somgeorgetown), Twitter (@gumedicine) and Instagram (@GeorgetownMedicine).